Once, a school principal disciplined a mischievous student by making them sit in the basement and read the U.S. Constitution. That student, Thurgood Marshall, memorized the entire document in the process. Later in life, Marshall achieved the historic milestone of becoming the first African American Supreme Court Justice. As a civil rights advocate, he played an instrumental role in dismantling racial segregation and transforming the American legal landscape. Notably, Marshall argued and won the landmark case Brown v. Board of Education, which declared segregated public schools unconstitutional.